Textile Industry in India

Textile Industry in India

Textile Industry in India

History of Textile Industry

Textiles, fabrics, and apparel are part of the textile industry, including research, design, development, manufacturing, and distribution. Before the Industrial Revolution, individuals manufactured fabrics and apparel was manufactured in the house by individuals for personal use before the industrial revolution. They were occasionally resold on a modest scale.

The textile industry was born by creating the flying shuttle in 1733, the spinning jenny in 1764, and the power loom in 1784. Then mass-production of materials and garments began. When James Watt refined his steam engine in 1775, Eli Whitney invented a cotton gin in 1792. Elias Howe invented the sewing machine in 1846. They all contributed significantly to the textile industry’s prosperity.

The textile industry has evolved into a global phenomenon encompassing all businesses involved in developing, producing, manufacturing, and distributing textiles. It is now a highly complex industry. Agriculture begins with fibre production, sheep and silkworm rearing, and metal and mineral mining. These fibres are then turned into yarns, textiles, and clothing. Spinning mills, weaving mills, knitting mills, dyeing mills, and clothing are all included. This industry also has enterprises that sell buttons, zippers, knitting materials, sewing machines and threads, laces, looms, and drapery hardware.

Types of Textiles Products

The textile industry is organized into three categories.

  1. Textile mills: Textile mills provide the raw material to make apparel and textile products. They take natural and synthetic materials, such as cotton and polyester, and transform them into fiber, yarn, and thread.
  1. Textile product mills: Textile product mills convert raw textiles into finished products other than apparel. Some of the items made in this sector include household items, such as carpets and rugs, towels, curtains and sheets, cord and twine, furniture and automotive upholstery, and industrial belts and fire hoses.
  1. Apparel manufacturing: Apparel manufacturing industry transforms fabrics produced by textile manufacturers into clothing and accessories. The apparel industry traditionally has consisted mostly of production workers who performed the cutting and sewing functions in an assembly line. This industry remains labor-intensive, despite advances in technology and workplace practices.

Types of Yarn fabrics & raw materials

Yarn is a collective term of linear assembles of fibers or filaments that are twisted together to impart strength or they can be laid together to form a continuous strand that is suitable to manufacture fabric. Yarns come from 3 origins

  1. Animal Origin: Wool, Cashmere, merino, Silk
  2. Plant Origin: Cotton, Hemp, Bamboo
  3. Synthetic: Rayon, Polyster, Novelty

Textile Industry in India

“The Indian textiles market is expected to be worth >US$ 209 billion by 2029.”

India’s textiles sector is one of the oldest industries in the Indian economy, dating back to several centuries.The industry is extremely varied, with hand-spun and hand-woven textiles sectors at one end of the spectrum, while the capital-intensive sophisticated mills sector on the other end. The decentralised power looms/ hosiery and knitting sector forms the largest component in the textiles sector. The close linkage of textiles industry to agriculture (for raw materials such as cotton) and the ancient culture and traditions of the country in terms of textiles makes it unique in comparison to other industries in the country. India’s textiles industry has a capacity to produce wide variety of products suitable for different market segments, both within India and across the world.

Domestic Market Size  

Indian domestic textile and apparel market is estimated at US$ 75 billion in 2020-21. The market fell 30% from US$ 106 billion in 2019-20. The market is expected to recover and grow at 10% CAGR from 2019-20 to reach US$ 190 billion by 2025-26. Apparel constitutes ~73% share of the total T&A market in India.

Export Market Size

India’s T&A exports reached US$ 33.5 billion in 2019-20. Due to the impact of Covid-19, India’s T&A exports are expected to fall around 15% to reach US$ 28.4 billion in 2020-21. India’s exports of T&A are expected to grow to US$ 65 billion by 2025-26, growing at a CAGR of 11%.

Staple Fibre Production: India’s total staple Fibre production stood at 9,279 million kgs in 2019-20.

Staple Fibre Exports

India exported fibre worth US$ 1,891 million in 2019-20, which has reduced at a CAGR of 9% since 2015-16. Cotton occupied 70% share in total fibre exports in 2015-16, while this has reduced to 56% in 2019-20. India’s Polyester staple fibre exports have grown at a CAGR of 10% since 2015-16.

Yarn Production

India’s total spun yarn production was 5,713 million kg in 2019-20. Polyester filament yarn (PFY) production has has grown at a CAGR of 5% since 2015-16.

Yarn Exports

In 2019-20, India’s total yarn exports stood at US$ 4,813 million. Exports of spun yarn has declined at a CAGR of 5% since 2015-16. India’s Nylon filament yarn exports has grown at a CAGR of 35% between 2015-16 and 2019-20.

Yarn Fabric Production

Fabric production in India stood at 7,436 million sq. mtr, which has grown at 2% CAGR in the past five years. The production of fabric from decentralized sector has also grown at a CAGR of 5%, while production of mill sector has decreased at 3% CAGR .

Yarn Fabric Exports

India exported fabric worth US$ 5,066 million in 2019-20, which has grown at 1% CAGR since 2015-16. Woven fabric comprised 92% of the total fabric exports of 2019-20. However, exports of knitted fabric has grown at 15% CAGR since 2015-16.

Garments and Made-ups Production

Garment production in India was estimated at 22 billion pcs in 2019-20, while made-ups production stood at approx. 2.4 billion Kg. Due to Covid-19, the 2020- 21 apparel and made-ups production is expected to fall 27% and 12%, respectively.

Garments and Made-ups Exports

India exported garments worth US$ 15,509 million in year 2019-20, declining at a CAGR of 2% since 2015-16. Made-ups exports on the contrary grew at 2% CAGR from 2015-16 to reach US$ 6,941 million in 2019-20

Domestic Market Size of Technical Textiles

The Indian technical textiles market was estimated at US$ 20 billion in 2019-20, and grew at a CAGR of 10% since 2015-16. However, due to Covid-19, the market is expected to fall 25% in 2020-21 to reach US$ 15 billion.

Technical Textiles Exports

India’s exports of Technical Textiles in 2019-20 was worth US$ 2,423 million, which has grown from US$ 1,528 million at a CAGR of 12%. India’s exports of Technical Textiles from April to November 2020 has been US$ 1,370 million.

Top 10 Textile Manufacturers in India

Top listed textile companies in terms of sales turnover in FY20 have been included for financial analysis.

Sl. No.

Company Name

Annual Sales* - FY20 (Rs. Crore)

1

Arvind

6,705

2

Vardhman

6,325

3

Welspun India

5,324

4

Trident

4,699

5

Raymond

3,186

6

KPR Mill

2,898

7

Filatex

2,782

8

RSWM

2,771

9

Sutlej

2,379

10

Nahar Spinning

2,083

State wise Major Textile Manufacturers

  1. Punjab – Trident, Oriental Textile Industries, Avani textiles, Daman Textiles, Khurana Textiles Mills, Shingora Textiles
  2. Rajasthan – Siyaram Silk Mills, Rajasthan Textile Development Corporation, Rajasthan Textile Mills Association, Suzuki Textile, SVP Global, APM
  3. Gujarat – Raymond, Siyaram Silk Mills, Soma Textiles & Industries, Blue Blends India, CTM Textiles Mills
  4. Madhya Pradesh – Raymond, Trident, The Dhar Textiles Mills, Century Yarn, SEL Manufacturing
  5. Karnataka – Raymond, Fabindia, Trident, Kirloskar Toyota Textile Machinery, The Dhar Textiles Mills
  6. Delhi NCR – Grasim Industries, Fabindia, Trident, Alok Industries
  7. Uttar Pradesh - Grasim Industries, Century Textile and Industries, Gomti Textiles, Elite International, Arikav Textiles
  8. West Bengal – Bombay Dyeing, Fabindia, Woollen Textiles Industries, Jaya Shree Textile, Deeps Texstyles
  9. Telangana – Bombay Dyeing, Fabindia, Govdan Trade Combines
  10. Andhra Pradesh – Bombay Dyeing, Loyal Textile Mills, Kallam Spinning Mills, Idupulapadu Cotton Mills
  11. Tamil Nadu – Loyal Textile Mills, Kasim Textile Mills, Sangeeth Group of Companies, Paramount Textiles Mills

Textile Parks in India

The Government is implementing the Scheme for Integrated Textile Park (SITP) which provides support for creation of world-class infrastructure facilities for setting up of textile units, with a Government of India (GoI) grant up to 40% of the project cost subject to a ceiling of Rs. 40 crore. The Scheme is demand driven. A total of 59 textile parks have been sanctioned under SITP by the Ministry of Textiles out of which 22 textile parks have been completed and rest are under various stages of construction. The details are given below

S.No.

Name of the Park

Location

State

1

Islampur Integrated Textile Park

Islampur

Maharashtra

2

Latur Integrated Textile park

Latur

Maharashtra

3

Amitara Green Hi-tech Textile Park

Ahmedabad

Gujarat

4

Karanj Textile Park

Surat

Gujarat

5

Shahlon Textile Park

Surat

Gujarat

6

Palsana Textile Park

Surat

Gujarat

7

Shanti Integrated Textile Park

Surat

Gujarat

8

Satyaraj Integrated Textile Park

Ichalkaranji

Maharashtra

9

Dhule Textile Park

Dhule

Maharashtra

10

Shree Ganesh Integrated Textile Park

Dhule

Maharashtra

11

Aalishan Eco Textile Park

Panipat

Haryana

12

Guntur Textile Park

Guntur

Andhra Pradesh

13

Tarakeaswara Textile Park

Nellore

Andhra Pradesh

14

Brandix India Apparel City Private Limited

Vishakhapatnam

Andhra Pradesh

15

Gujarat Eco Textile Park Limited,

Surat

Gujarat

16

Mundra SEZ Textile & Apparel Park Limited,

Kutch

Gujarat

17

Fairdeal Textile Park Pvt. Ltd.,

Surat

Gujarat

18

Vraj Integrated Textile Park Limited ,

Ahmadabad

Gujarat

19

Sayana Textile Park Ltd.,

Surat

Gujarat

20

Doddabalapur Integrated Textile Park,

Doddabalapur

Karnataka

21

Metro Hi-Tech Cooperative Park Limited,

Icchalkaranji,

Maharashtra

22

Pride India cooperative Textile park Limited,

Icchalkaranji,

Maharashtra

23

Baramati Hi Tech Textile Park Limited,

Baramati,

Maharashtra

24

Purna Global Textiles Park Ltd.

Hingoli

Maharashtra

25

Lotus Integrated Tex Park

Barnala,

Punjab

26

Rhythm Textile & Apparel Park Ltd,

Nawanshehar,

Punjab

27

Ludhiana Integrated Textile Park Ltd,

Ludhiana

Punjab

28

Kishangarh Hi-Tech Textile Weaving Park Limited ,

Kishangarh,

Rajasthan

29

Next Gen Textile Park Pvt Ltd ,

Pali,

Rajasthan

30

Jaipur Integrated Texcraft Park Pvt Ltd,

Jaipur,

Rajasthan

31

Palladam Hi-Tech Weaving park,

Palladam,

Tamilnadu

32

Komarapalayam Hi-Tech Weaving Park Ltd. ,

Komalarapallyam,

Tamilnadu.

33

Karur Integrated Textile Park,

Karur Park

Tamilnadu

34

Madurai Integrated Textile Park Ltd,

Madurai,

Tamilnadu

35

The Great Indian Linen & Textile Infrastructure Company, Uthukuli,

Tirupur District

Tamil Nadu

36

Pochampally Handloom Park Limited,

Bhuvangiri

Telangana

37

White Gold Textile Park,

Rangareddy

Andhra Pradesh

38

Hosiery Park

Howrah

West Bengal

39

Prag Jyoti Textile Park

Darang

Assam

40

Hindupur Vyapar Apparel Park Limited

Ananatpuram

Andhra Pradesh

41

MAS Fabric Park (India Ltd

Nellore

Andhra Pradesh

42

Surat Super Yarn Park Limited,

Surat

Gujarat

43

Kejriwal Integrated Textile Park,

Surat

Gujarat

44

J&K Textile Park, 

Kathua

J&K

45

Gulbarga Textile Park,

Gulbarga

Karnataka

46

SIMA Textile Processing Centre,

Cuddalore,

Tamilnadu

47

EIGMEF Apparel Park Ltd.,

Kolkata

West Bengal

48

Asmeeta Infratech Ltd.

Thane

Maharashtra

49

Deesan Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd.

Dhule

Maharashtra

50

RJD Integrated Textile Park Pvt. Ltd.

Surat

Gujarat

51

Kashmir Wool and Silk Textile Park

Ghatti

J&K

52

Farrukhabad Textile Park

Farukkhabad

Uttar Pradesh

53

Eco-Tex Textile Park

Bareily

Uttar Pradesh

54

NSP Infrastruture Pvt. Ltd

Surat

Gujarat

55

Hinganghat Integrated Textile Park

Vidharbha

Maharashtra

56

Pallavada Technical Textiles Park Pvt

Erode

Tamilnadu

57

Himachal Textile Park

Una

Himachal Pradesh

58

Kancheepuram Perarignar Anna Silk Park.

Kanchipuram

Tamilnadu

59

Kalapana Awade Textile Park

Kolhapur

Maharashtra

Government Schemes for Textile Industry in India

Government of India, through Ministry of Textiles has introduced many schemes to promote Textile Industry in India.  Following is a snapshot of all the Schemes for Textile Industry

  1. Production Linked Incentive
  2. Amended Technology Upgradation Fund Scheme
  3. In-situ Upgradation of Plain Powerlooms
  4. Group Workshed Scheme (GWS)
  5. Yarn Bank Scheme
  6. Common Facility Centre (CFC)
  7. Pradhan Mantri Credit Scheme for Powerloom Weavers
  8. Solar Energy Scheme for Powerlooms
  9. Facilitation, IT, Awareness, Market Development and Publicity for Powerloom Schemes
  10. Tex Venture Capital Fund
  11. Grant-in-Aid and Modernisation & Upgradation of Powerloom Service Centres (PSCs)
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